STUDY OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CARROTS (DAUCUS CAROTA L. VAR. SATIVUS). LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/foodresources2023-20-08Keywords:
seed carrots, carbohydrates, carotenoids, mineral elements, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, polyacetylenes, antioxidant activity, gastrointestinal tractAbstract
Subject. The development of technologies for growing and processing new varieties of vegetable crops, which maximally meets quality criteria, is an urgent problem. The dynamics and pace of vegetable production, the level of provision of the population with vegetable products, and processing enterprises with raw materials is determined by the development and location of vegetable growing in the country. Carrots are one of the important food crops that originate from the Mediterranean. Its root fruit contains a rich set of vitamins and other biologically active substances, and the leaves contain essential oils and flavonoids. A special value of the culture is the high content of carotenoids. Carrots are used in fresh, boiled, frozen and dried form, they are included in all dried mixtures during the manufacture of food products. Dried carrots give ready-made dishes a pleasant color, smell, taste, but most importantly – enrich them with nutritious and biologically valuable substances, mineral elements, which it contains in large quantities. In medicine, carrots activate intracellular redox processes, regulate carbohydrate metabolism, and increase the body's immune functions. Despite the spread of table carrots in Ukraine, its average yield in the Steppe zone ranges from 11.0 to 17.9 t/ha. Such unsatisfactory indicators are caused by non-observance of crop cultivation technology by commodity producers. Purpose. Analysis of data from literary sources devoted to scientific research on the chemical composition of carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativus) and the effect of consuming root crops of this plant on the human body. Methods. When writing the article, analytical research methods were used. Results. Literary data on the benefits of carrot seed consumption for the human body have been analyzed and summarized. The chemical composition, as well as the use in folk medical practice of seed carrots, was studied. Analysis of literary sources showed that the chemical composition of seed carrots is represented by carbohydrates, volatile compounds, phenolic substances, and polyacetylenes. Scope of results. Consists in the application of the obtained results for the further determination of the qualitative and quantitative chemical composition of seed carrots and the justification and expansion of the limits of the use of this plant in the food industry and traditional medicine.
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