PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL METHODS IN THE PRODUCTION OF PECTIN-CONTAINING PRODUCTS FROM PLANT RAW MATERIALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/foodresources2025-25-16Keywords:
pectin, discrete-impulse energy input method, rotor-pulsation apparatus, cavitation, plant raw materials, hydrolysis, extraction, radioprotective propertiesAbstract
Subject. Heat and mass transfer processes and physico-mechanical methods for processing plant raw materials to obtain pectin-containing products. Purpose. To investigate the efficiency of pectin extraction from plant raw materials using hydrodynamic treatment with rotor-pulsation apparatuses and the discrete-pulse energy input (DРEI) method, as well as to assess the impact of processing parameters on the quality and functional properties of the final product. Methods. Plant raw materials (apple pomace, sugar beet pulp, and carrots) were pretreated and then processed in a closed-loop circulation system equipped with a rotor-pulsation apparatus implementing the discrete-pulse energy input method. The treatment was carried out under variable hydrodynamic loading conditions, generating localized high-pressure impulse zones. Process parameters (duration, intensity, and recirculation rate) were varied to achieve optimal hydrolysis depth of protopectin and extraction of water-soluble pectin. Results. It was established that the application of the discrete-pulse energy input method and rotor-pulsation apparatus intensifies mass transfer processes, reduces hydrolysis duration by 30–40%, lowers processing temperature to 45–50 °C, and ensures a high pectin yield without loss of its functional properties. It was demonstrated that impulse action promotes the destruction of plant cell walls, preserves the native structure of the cellulose matrix, and improves the organoleptic characteristics of the final product. Scope of the results. The research findings can be used to develop industrial technologies for producing pectin concentrates and functional food products with radioprotective properties, as well as for upgrading equipment in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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