OPTIMIZATION OF FUEL ETHANOL PRODUCTION IN UKRAINE: RENEWABLE RESOURCES, EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES AND INNOVATIVE METHOD OF PROCESSING LIGNOCELLULOSIC RAW MATERIAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31073/foodresources2025-25-03Keywords:
biomass, lignocellulosic feedstock, fuel ethanol, pretreatment for hydrolyses, delignificationAbstract
Subject. The article is devoted to the assessment of the state, prospects for the development of fuel ethanol production in Ukraine and technological solutions for its improvement. Purpose. Review of the potential of biomass as a renewable resource for fuel ethanol production in Ukraine, assessment of the efficiency of various types of raw materials and technologies, as well as the economic feasibility and environmental benefits of using fuel ethanol in the energy sector. Methods. The article used analytical research methods, as well as methods of cause-and-effect analysis and logical generalization. Information from databases, including PubMed, CrossRef, Scopus, WoS, Google Scholar, Index Copernicus, was analyzed. Results. Currently, the main products of the comprehensive processing of organic raw materials remain energy-rich products – fuel ethanol and hydrolysis lignin, which have energy characteristics comparable to fossil fuels. Among the raw materials available in Ukraine for fuel ethanol production, lignocellulosic biomass remains an inexpensive, renewable, and widespread resource that does not compete with food crops. Moreover, the use of lignocellulosic biomass allows for a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels – approximately by 30–85%, depending on the type of raw material. The production of fuel ethanol from starch-containing, sugar-containing, or lignocellulosic raw materials requires different technological stages, and accordingly, the cost of fuel ethanol varies for each type of raw material. Compared to fuel ethanol from sugar- and starch-containing raw materials, fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic raw materials is more expensive. The most energy-intensive stage in the technology of producing fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic raw materials is the pretreatment of the raw material for hydrolysis, since the pretreatment and hydrolysis processes with diluted acids occur at high temperature and pressure. To ensure deep comprehensive processing of plant raw materials, as well as to reduce overall costs, improvements in technology and equipment have been proposed, allowing an increase in the degree of conversion of the initial raw material into main and by-products. Scope of the results. The results obtained during the study can be used to improve the technology of the fuel ethanol production.
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