Retraction Procedure

Publication Retraction Policy

The collection follows clear procedures for retracting publications in cases of serious violations, such as:

• proven instances of data falsification;
• detection of significant plagiarism;
• multiple publications of the same work;
• unresolved ethical issues in human or animal research.

When retracting a publication, the collection ensures public disclosure of the reasons for the retraction.

Retraction requests may be submitted by authors, editors, or third parties.

The editors conduct an investigation involving the authors and, if necessary, external experts. The decision is made by the editor-in-chief.

Once a decision to retract an article has been made:

• a "Retraction" sign will be added to the published version of the article;
• the article title will be titled "Retraction: [Article Title]";
• a separate retraction statement will be published under the title "Retraction: [Article Title]".
• the retraction statement will be numbered and will have a DOI identifier.

In some cases, authors of a scientific article under consideration by the collection may request a retraction of their manuscript. This request can only be made prior to the article's publication. To retract a manuscript, authors must submit a letter to the editorial board containing a clear and understandable explanation of the reasons for the retraction. The letter should be brief and signed by all authors of the article. The retracted manuscript will be completely removed from the publisher's database, but copyright remains with the authors of the article.

A decision to retract is made and implemented as soon as possible after significant violations are identified. In cases where final approval of the text by the authors is impossible, the editors reserve the right to publish the statement without delay in order to maintain scientific integrity.